Abstract This work aims to evaluate, at different stages, the productive performance, carcass quality, and intestinal biometry of European quails (Coturnix coturnix Coturnix), consuming diets with increasing levels of seaweed bran (Sargassum sp). A total of 240 European quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix Coturnix) were distributed in a completely randomized design, with four levels of bran inclusion (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5%), 6 replications with 10 birds in each experimental plot. In the period from 1 to 21 days, the feed intake of the control group was higher, with lower water consumption. In the period from 22 to 42 days, feed and water consumption increased with the inclusion of seaweed, but with a reduction in weight gain. In the total period, water consumption was higher at the level of 2.5 and 7.5%, with lower consumption in the control group, with a small reduction in slaughter and carcass weight with the inclusion of bran. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in carcass quality and intestinal biometry. We recommended the inclusion of up to 7.5% of sargassum meal in the diet of European quails at all stages, without compromising its productive performance, carcass quality, and intestinal biometry.

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo explorar as estratégias dialógicas adotadas na condução dos processos de saúde ajuizados pela Defensoria Pública no município de Barreiras-BA, de modo a demonstrar que o caráter complexo e policêntrico da judicialização exige uma atuação articulada entre os atores envolvidos, voltada à garantia de sustentabilidade do Sistema Único de Saúde. Adotou-se, para tanto, metodologia descritiva e retrospectiva, com foco em base documental. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de uma relação de processos elaborada pela Defensoria Pública atuante no município, seguida da consulta da íntegra dos autos no site do Tribunal de Justiça da Bahia. Foram analisados 94 processos, ajuizados entre janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2021. A análise das práticas dialógicas teve como referencial a Teoria da Ação Comunicativa de Habermas. Concluiu-se que a Defensoria possui protagonismo na etapa pré-processual, buscando, em um agir comunicativo, a resolução extrajudicial dos conflitos. Por outro lado, a postura dos órgãos destinatários demonstrou falha na gestão pública da saúde, que age de forma estratégica e não tem a resolução extrajudicial como prioridade. Restou evidente, ademais, a necessidade de fortalecimento do Núcleo de Apoio Técnico do Poder Judiciário (NAT-Jus), ainda pouco consolidado no Judiciário baiano.

ABSTRACT This study aims to explore the dialogic strategies adopted in the conduct of health processes filed by the Public Defender’s Office in Barreiras-BA, in order to demonstrate that the complex and polycentric character of judicialization requires an articulated action between the actors involved, aimed at guaranteeing the sustainability of the Unified Health System. A descriptive and retrospective methodology was adopted, focusing on a documental basis. The data were obtained from a list of cases prepared by the Public Defender’s Office operating in the municipality, followed by consultation of the entirety of the records on the website of the Court of Justice of Bahia. 94 cases were analyzed, filed between January 2019 and December 2021. The analysis of dialogic practices was based on Habermas’ Theory of Communicative Action. It was concluded that the Defender’s Office has a leading role in the pre-procedural stage, seeking, in a communicative action, the extrajudicial resolution of conflicts. On the other hand, the attitude of Organs recipient bodies showed a failure in public health management, which acts strategically and does not have extrajudicial resolution as a priority. Furthermore, the need to strengthen the NAT-Jus remained evident, which is still poorly consolidated in the Bahian Judiciary.

ABSTRACT This study aims to explore the dialogic strategies adopted in the conduct of health processes filed by the Public Defender’s Office in Barreiras-BA, in order to demonstrate that the complex and polycentric character of judicialization requires an articulated action between the actors involved, aimed at guaranteeing the sustainability of the Unified Health System. A descriptive and retrospective methodology was adopted, focusing on a documental basis. The data were obtained from a list of cases prepared by the Public Defender’s Office operating in the municipality, followed by consultation of the entirety of the records on the website of the Court of Justice of Bahia. 94 cases were analyzed, filed between January 2019 and December 2021. The analysis of dialogic practices was based on Habermas’ Theory of Communicative Action. It was concluded that the Defender’s Office has a leading role in the pre-procedural stage, seeking, in a communicative action, the extrajudicial resolution of conflicts. On the other hand, the attitude of Organs recipient bodies showed a failure in public health management, which acts strategically and does not have extrajudicial resolution as a priority. Furthermore, the need to strengthen the NAT-Jus remained evident, which is still poorly consolidated in the Bahian Judiciary.

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo explorar as estratégias dialógicas adotadas na condução dos processos de saúde ajuizados pela Defensoria Pública no município de Barreiras-BA, de modo a demonstrar que o caráter complexo e policêntrico da judicialização exige uma atuação articulada entre os atores envolvidos, voltada à garantia de sustentabilidade do Sistema Único de Saúde. Adotou-se, para tanto, metodologia descritiva e retrospectiva, com foco em base documental. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de uma relação de processos elaborada pela Defensoria Pública atuante no município, seguida da consulta da íntegra dos autos no site do Tribunal de Justiça da Bahia. Foram analisados 94 processos, ajuizados entre janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2021. A análise das práticas dialógicas teve como referencial a Teoria da Ação Comunicativa de Habermas. Concluiu-se que a Defensoria possui protagonismo na etapa pré-processual, buscando, em um agir comunicativo, a resolução extrajudicial dos conflitos. Por outro lado, a postura dos órgãos destinatários demonstrou falha na gestão pública da saúde, que age de forma estratégica e não tem a resolução extrajudicial como prioridade. Restou evidente, ademais, a necessidade de fortalecimento do Núcleo de Apoio Técnico do Poder Judiciário (NAT-Jus), ainda pouco consolidado no Judiciário baiano.

Abstract The aim of this study is the association between the scores of disease activity, functional capacity and quality of life among patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, under clinical treatment at the Regional University Hospital of Campos Gerais - Wallace Thadeu de Mello and Silva. The sample was composed by volunteer patients, who freely underwent 3 research questionnaires. With the results of the survey, the disease activity score was correlated to the functional capacity and the quality-of-life scores. A mean of 3.87 and 1.2 was observed for the disease activity and the functional capacity scores, respectively, yet not achieving a correlation between those two variables. A strong correlation between the disease activity and the “functional capacity”, “general health status” and “mental health” domains was found. The lowest average observed corresponded to “physical limitation”, from the quality-of-life questionnaire. There was no statistically significant correlation between disease activity and functional capacity, although disease activity seems to affect the mental health, general health status and functional capacity of patients.

Abstract INTRODUCTION Suckling by schistosomotic mice improves anti-ovalbumin (OA) antibody production, while delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) remains unaffected. This property of milk from schistosomotic mice was investigated in IL-12/IL-23-deficient mice (IL-12p40KO). METHODS We compared anti-OA DTH, IgG2a and cytokines in wild-type and IL-12p40KO mice suckled by infected (SIM) or non-infected (CONTROL) mothers. RESULTS SIM mice showed similar intensity and eosinophils in the DTH, which was abolished in IL-12p40KO and IL-12p40KO-SIM mice. In IL-12p40KO-SIM, IgG2a and TGF-β levels were higher, but IL-6 levels were lower. CONCLUSIONS Milk from schistosomotic mothers may evoke IgG2a without eliciting DTH in IL-12/IL-23 deficiencies, by changing TGF-β/IL-6 levels.

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a disponibilidade de alimentos e a situação de (In)Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional em famílias de agricultores fornecedores do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal com famílias de agricultores fornecedores do Programa Nacional de Alimentação no período de 2011 a 2016 em Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar foi aplicada ao responsável pela compra e produção de refeições na família para avaliação da Insegurança Alimentar. Analisou-se o aspecto nutricional por meio da dosagem de hemoglobina para verificação de anemia entre os membros da família e utilizando-se o inquérito de disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos, o que permitiu analisar a quantidade de calorias disponíveis para consumo, assim como a procedência e o tipo do alimento. Resultados Avaliaram-se 27 famílias, totalizando 91 indivíduos. Com a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar, constatou-se que 25,9% das famílias encontravam-se em situação de Insegurança Alimentar, sendo todas consideradas de Insegurança Alimentar leve. Quando avaliada a disponibilidade calórica, 11,0% das famílias estavam inseguras. Em contrapartida, 59,0% das famílias apresentaram disponibilidade calórica per capita alta (>3.000 calorias). Do total das famílias, 14,8% possuíam mais de 50,0% das calorias disponíveis para consumo advindas de produção própria. Os alimentos mais produzidos para autoconsumo foram os vegetais in natura, que são os mais fornecidos ao Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar. Além disso, a principal fonte de quilocalorias das famílias eram alimentos in natura e minimamente processados. A presença de anemia em pelo menos 1 morador foi detectada em 29,6% dos domicílios, havendo correlação negativa entre o valor de hemoglobina (g/dL) e a pontuação da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar. Conclusão Verifica-se que a maioria das famílias de agricultores fornecedores do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar encontra-se em situação de Insegurança Alimentar, tanto pela Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar, quanto pela disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos. Contudo, não se pode desconsiderar o percentual de famílias inseguras, uma vez que esse quadro pode levar a outros agravantes. Logo, faz-se necessária a constante avaliação da situação familiar de (in)Insegurança Alimentar e incentivar a produção para autoconsumo para que esta contribua para a disponibilidade e a qualidade alimentar. Por isso a relevância de programas que fortaleçam a produção e comercialização de alimentos da agricultura familiar.

ABSTRACT Objective The natural probiotic kefir is fermented milk, and may have effects on satiety and voluntary energy intake. This randomized crossover trial aimed to determine whether kefir, consumed with low- or high-glycemic index meals, affects appetite and subsequent food intake. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with families of farmers who supplied Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar from 2011 to 2016 in the city of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. To assess Food Insecurity, the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale was applied to the person responsible for purchasing and producing meals in the family. The nutritional aspect was analyzed through the measurement of hemoglobin to check for anemia among family members and using the household food availability survey, where it was possible to analyze the amount of calories available for consumption, as well as the origin and kind of food. Results 27 families were evaluated, totalizing 91 individuals. With the Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar, it was found that 25.9% of the families were in light food insecurty situation. When caloric availability was assessed, 11.0% of families were considered insecure. In contrast, 59.0% of families had high calorie availability per capita (>3000 calories). Of the total households, 14.8% had more than 50.0% of the calories available for consumption coming from their own production. The foods most commonly produced for self-consumption were fresh vegetables, which are the most common ones supplied to Programa Nacional de Alimentação. In addition, the main source of kilocalories for the families were fresh and minimally processed foods. The presence of anemia in at least 1 resident was detected in 29.6% of households, with a negative correlation between the hemoglobin value (g/dL) and the Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar score. Conclusion It appears that the majority of the families of farmers supplying Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar are in a situation of Food and Nutritional Security, both by Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar and by the household availability of food. However, we cannot ignore the percentage of insecure families, since this situation can lead to other problems. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly assess the family situation of Fodd Insecurty and encourage production for self-consumption so that it contributes to food availability and quality. For this reason, the we highlight relevance of programs that strengthen the production and commercialization of food from family farming.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory joint disease with global prevalence of 0.4% to 1.0%. Extra-articular manifestations increase its morbidity and severity, and cardiovascular diseases present the greatest risk. Therapeutic approaches have been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, often involving the use of multiple classes of drugs with different mechanisms and forms of action. Corticosteroid therapy is widely used in this therapeutic combination; however, its use has been widely questioned because of its high toxicity and some negative effects, including the possibility of increased cardiovascular risk, depending on the dosage. Some studies have provided important insights into how glucocorticoids have an impact on cardiac complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Most of these studies have concluded that exposure to these drugs at high or cumulative doses is associated with increased risk of death, as well as possibly being associated with the presence of a positive rheumatoid factor.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar in vitro a capacidade de remoção de pigmentos ocasionados em resina composta após aplicação de peróxido de hidrogênio 35%. Material e método Confeccionaram-se 20 amostras de resina composta Opallis (FGM), cor A1, em matriz metálica circular. As amostras foram divididas em quatro grupos (n=5) dos seguintes agentes corantes: água destilada (controle), café, vinho tinto e Coca-Cola®. No manchamento, as amostras ficaram imersas nas soluções durante 72 horas, com troca diária das bebidas. Procedeu-se à aplicação do gel de peróxido de hidrogênio 35% (Whiteness HP Blue Calcium, FGM) em três sessões, sendo uma aplicação do gel por sessão, o qual permaneceu nas amostras durante 40 minutos. Medidas de cor foram feitas inicialmente, após manchamento, após aplicação do peróxido e por mais 21 dias, usando espectrofotômetro Vita Easyshade. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância de dois fatores (tempo vs. corante) e ao teste de Tukey, para o contraste das médias (α=0,05). Resultado Apresentaram alteração de cor (ΔE - média/desvio padrão de L*) o café (15,7 ± 2,0) e o vinho (15,2 ± 4,6), quando comparados à Coca-Cola® (4,8 ± 1,9). O peróxido de hidrogênio removeu a pigmentação das amostras, porém, para nenhum dos corantes, houve retorno à coloração inicial, principalmente no grupo manchado por café (12,9 ± 1,5); este mostrou diferença significativa quando comparado ao controle (1,6 ± 0,6), diferentemente do vinho (3,3 ± 0,6) e da Coca-Cola® (2,1 ± 0,9), que se aproximaram do grupo controle. Conclusão As soluções corantes pigmentaram a resina composta, principalmente o café. A aplicação do peróxido de hidrogênio 35% foi eficaz na remoção de pigmentos das amostras, porém, em nenhum dos grupos, com diferentes corantes, houve retorno à coloração inicial (p>0,005).

Abstract Objective Evaluate in vitro the ability to removal pigments of composite resin after application of hydrogen peroxide 35%. Material and method Concocted to-20 resin samples composed Opallis (FGM), A1 color, in circular metal matrix. The samples were divided into 4 groups (n = 5) the following coloring agents: distilled water (control), coffee, red wine and Coca-Cola®. In the staining, the samples were immersed in the solutions for 72 hours, with daily change of beverages. Proceeded to the application of 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (Whiteness HP Blue Calcium, FGM) in 3 sessions, one application of gel per session that remained in the samples for 40 minutes. Color measurements were made initially after staining after application of the peroxide and for 21 days using Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer. The data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Result Significant color change was observed in specimens after immersion in the solutions, except the control group. Hydrogen peroxide was capable of removing the stains, however the color did not return to the baseline in any of the staining groups, especially for the groups immersed in coffee. Conclusion Staining solutions can stain the composite resin. The application of 35% hydrogen peroxide can remove partially the staining, minimizing the color change produced by the staining solutions. However, the bleaching gel was not capable of removing all staining, especially for the coffee group.

Três triterpenos pentacíclicos inéditos foram isolados da resina de Protium kleinii. Suas estruturas, 3-oxo-11beta,16beta-diidróxi-urs-12-eno (1), 3-oxo-11beta-hidróxi-urs-12-eno (2) e 3-oxo-11beta-hidróxi-olean-12-eno (3), foram elucidadas por espectroscopia de RMN. A administração sistêmica destes compostos (10-100 mg kg-1, i.p.) foi capaz de inibir tanto a primeira quanto a segunda fase da nocicepção induzida pela formalina em camundongos. Em adição, foram isolados os triterpenos conhecidos 3beta,16beta-dihidróxi-urs-12-eno (breina) (4) e uma mistura de alfa (5)- e beta-amirina (6).

Three novel pentacyclic triterpenes have been isolated from the resin of Protium kleinii and their structures elucidated by NMR spectroscopy as 3-oxo-11beta,16beta-dihydroxy-urs-12-ene (1), 3-oxo-11beta-hydroxy-urs-12-ene (2) and 3-oxo-11beta-hydroxy-olean-12-ene (3). The systemic administration of the above compounds (10-100 mg kg-1, i.p.) was able to inhibited both first and second phase of the formalin-induced nociception in mice. The known triterpenes 3beta,16beta-dihydroxy-olean-12-ene (brein) (4) and a mixture of alpha (5)- and beta-amyrin (6) were also found.